COMBER MACHINE IN YARN MANUFACTURING: CLASSIFICATION AND WORKING PRINCIPLE

 SUBMITTED BY: TANVIR AHAMED

Comber Machine: In spinning process of textile manufacturing, comber machine is a machine which is used to convert sliver to form lap. If we need finer yarn, we have to pass it to comber machine. After carding process combing is done simultaneously to produce combed yarn.

Objectives of comber machine:

1. To reduce precisely pre decorative short fiber.
2. To reduce large portion of neps (not all) from the fiber surface.
3. To reduce the retaining impurities.
4. Construction of sliver having maximum possible evenness.
5. Make the fiber more parallel & straight.

Figure: Basic Elements of Comber Machine

Working process:

1. At first lap is fed into the roller.
2. Then the lap is passed through the nipper plate. Nipper plates are two types. One is the upper nipper plate & the other is the lower nipper plate.
3. The plates grip the fibers & hold the fibers into the nipper plate.
4. In this position, short fibers & neps are detached from the long fibers.
5. After that, the combing action is ready to start.
6. The combing action consists of two combs. The first one is a light comb and the other is a deep comb.
7. After a light comb the fibers are ready for an upper deep comb.
8. Finally, the comb sliver moves through the two pairs of deatching roller & the  combing action is done.

Types of Comber machine:

They are basically four major types

1. Rectilinear comber machine
2. Circular machine
3. Rotary comber machine
4. Hackling machine

Rectilinear comber machine : Short staple spinning, such as cotton spinning, is done with a rectilinear comber machine.

Circular comber machine: It's applied in worsted processes, such as spinning wool.

Rotary comber machine : It is used in production schappe spun yarn like silk spinning.

Hacking machine: It is used in the spinning of bast fibers, such as jute.